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The herbarium at NIU is an internationally recognized systematic collection, initiated in the 1960s and enlarged significantly during the 1970s to the present. Holdings presently total about 23,000 specimens of vascular plants plus an additional 8000 bryophytes. A large number of the bryophytes in the collection (about 6000 specimens) are on permanent loan to MO (Missouri Botanic Garden).
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DEK presently maintains exchange relationships with more than 26 domestic and 6 foreign herbaria. As a consequence, coverage, while emphasizing the flora of Illinois, is worldwide.